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Accelerated Solvent Extraction Method with One-Step Clean-up for Hydrocarbons in Soil

Nurulhuda Mamat Ghani, and Norashikin Saim, and Rozita Osman, and ZuraidahAbdullah Munir, (2007) Accelerated Solvent Extraction Method with One-Step Clean-up for Hydrocarbons in Soil. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 11 (1). pp. 193-197. ISSN 13942506

Full text not available from this repository.

Official URL: http://pkukmweb.ukm.my/~mjas/v11_n1/30_51P18.pdf

Affiliations

Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Applied Sciences

Abstract

The application of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) using hexane combined with neutral silica gel and sulfuric acid/ silica gel (SA/SG) to remove impurities prior to analysis by gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) was studied. The efficiency of extraction was evaluated based on the three hydrocarbons; dodecane, tetradecane and pentadecane spiked to soil sample. The effect of ASE operating conditions (extraction temperature, extraction pressure, static time) was evaluated and the optimized condition obtained from the study was extraction temperature of 160 ºC, extraction pressure of 2000 psi with 5 minutes static extraction time. The developed ASE with one-step clean-up method was applied in the extraction of hydrocarbons from spiked soil and the amount extracted was comparable to ASE extraction without clean-up step with the advantage of obtaining “cleaner” extract with reduced interferences. Therefore in the developed method, extraction and clean-up for hydrocarbons in soil can be achieved rapidly and efficiently with reduced solvent usage.

Penggunaan kaedah pengekstrakan “accelerated solvent extraction” (ASE) menggunakan heksana dan gabungan dengan kaedah pembersihan ekstrak menggunakan silika gel neutral dan asid sulfurik/silika gel (SA/SG) sebelum dianalisis
menggunakan kromatografi gas dengan alat pengesan ion nyala (FID). Kecekapan kaedah pengekstrakan dikaji menggunakan tiga hidrokarbon; dodekana, tetradekana dan entadekana dalam sampel tanah. Kesan keadaan operasi ASE (suhu, tekanan dan masa pengekstrakan) telah dikaji dan didapati keadaan optimum adalah pada suhu pengekstrakan 160 ºC, tekanan pada 2000 psi dengan masa pengekstrakan selama 5 minit. Keupayaan langkah pembersihan yang telah
digabungkan dengan ASE telah dikaji menggunakan sampel tanah yang dicampur dengan hidrokarbon. Didapati kaedah
pengekstrakan ASE dengan satu langkah pembersihan telah memberikan keputusan yang setanding dengan kaedah pengekstakan ASE tanpa langkah pembersihan dengan meghasilkan ekstrak yang lebih bersih. Oleh itu, menggunakan kaedah yang telah dibangunkan, pengekstrakan hidrokarbon dan pembersihan ekstrak yang cekap dapat dilakukan dengan masa analisis yang lebih pendek dan penggunaan pelarut yang lebih sedikit.

Item Type:Journal
Additional Information:The authors would like to acknowledge financial support of Universiti Teknologi MARA for funding this project.
Keywords:Accelerated solvent extraction, hydrocarbons, flame ionization detector
Subjects:Q Science
ID Code:1045

[1] Saim, N., Dean, J.R., Abdullah, M.P., Zakaria, Z. (1997). Extraction of polychromatic from contaminated soil using Soxhlet extraction, pressurized and atmospheric microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and accelerated solvent extraction, J. Chromatogr. A, 791, 361-366.

[2] Li, K., Landriault, M., Fingas, M., and Llompart, M. (2003). Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of environmental organic compounds in soils using modified supercritical fluid extractor, J. Hazardous Material, 102, 93-104.

[3] Sun, F., Littlejohn, D., Gibson, M. (1998). Ultrasonication and solid phase extraction clean-up for the determination of USEPA 16 priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorption detection. Anal. Chim. Acta, 364, 1-11.

[4] Zuloaga, O., Fitzpatrick, L.J., Extebarria, N., Dean, J.R. (2000). Influence of solvent and soil type on the pressurized fluid extraction of PAHs. J. Environ. Monit., 2, 634-638.

[5] Hawthorne, S., Grabanski, C.B., Martin, E., Miller, D.J. (2000). Comparisons of Soxhlet extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and subcritical water extraction for environmental solids: recovery, selectivity and effects on sample matrix, J. Chromatogr., A. 892, 421-433.

[6] Kim, J.H., Moon, J.K., Li, Q.X., Cho, J.Y. (2003). One step pressurized liquid extraction method for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Analytica Chimica Acta, 498, 55-60.

[7] Dabrowska, H., Dabrowski, L., Biziuk, M., Gaca, J., Namiesnik, J. (2003). Solid-phase extraction clean-up of soil and sediment extracts for the determination of various types of pollutants in a single run. Journal of Chromatography A,1003, 29-42.

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