Indeks Kualiti Air Negara (Ikan) Sistem Sungai Labu [National water quality index Sungai Labu system]

Lim, Sun Hoo, and Abdullah Samat, and Mohd. Rozali Othman, (2006) Indeks Kualiti Air Negara (Ikan) Sistem Sungai Labu [National water quality index Sungai Labu system]. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 10 (1). pp. 7-14. ISSN 13942506

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Affiliations

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, Centre for Environmental Science and Natural Resources, Environmental Science Programme
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, Centre for Environmental Science and Natural Resources, Oceanography Science Programme
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science & Technology, School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology

Abstract

Water quality study was carried out twice a month from July 1999 until July 2000 at three rivers in Langat Basin consisting of 14 sampling stations. Sampling has been carried out at Labu River, Batang Nilai River and selected location at Langat River. Six parameters viz ammoniacal-nitrogen $(NH_3-N)$ , biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and suspended solid (SS) are used to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI). Analyses of the parameters are according to the methods proposed by American Public Health Association (APHA) 1995 and Hach manual 1998. WQI indicates that Station 1 (Kampung Tengah) is in class II whilst other part of the rivers are in class III. The result obtained from WQI show a significant decreasing trend between upstream (76.59%) and downstream (56.52%) of Labu River. However, Batang Nilai River has recorded the lowest in term of WQI (54.61%) among sampling stations. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Two-Factor Without Replication (α=0.01) show that only pH exhibits significant differences between dry season and wet season. Anthropogenic factors were the main reason for the WQI variation obtained compare to the seasonal factor.

Penentuan kualiti air telah dijalankan dari Julai 1999 hingga Julai 2000 dengan purata dua kali sebulan. Pemantauan kualiti air sungai telah dilakukan pada sebelas stesen di sepanjang Sungai Labu dan anak-anak sungainya serta tiga stesen di Sungai Langat (pertemuan Sungai Labu dengan Sungai Langat) yang merupakan sebahagian dari Lembangan Langat. Enam parameter yang diperlukan dalam mengira Indeks Kualiti Air Negara (IKAN) iaitu oksigen terlarut (DO), permintaan oksigen biokimia (BOD), permintaan oksigen kimia (COD), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS) dan pH digunakan untuk menentukan status sungai. Analisis terhadap parameter-parameter berkenaan berdasarkan kepada kaedah piawai yang disarankan oleh American Public Health Association (APHA) dan buku panduan Hach. IKAN yang didapati menunjukkan stesen 1 (Kampung Tengah) berada dalam Kelas II manakala stesen-stesen lain merekodkan kelas III. IKAN turut mempamerkan nilai perbezaan yang bererti antara hulu (76.59) dan hilir (57.34) Sungai Labu. Walau bagaimanapun, Sungai Batang Nilai merekodkan IKAN yang terendah di antara 13 stesen iaitu 54.61. Analisis varians (ANOVA) dua hala tanpa replikasi pada aras keyakinan 99% mendapati hanya pH memberi perbezaan yang bererti antara waktu kering dan waktu hujan. Faktor antropogenik merupakan pengaruh utama terhadap keputusan IKAN yang diperolehi berbanding faktor musim.

Item Type:

Journal

Additional Information:

Assisted by Laboratory Assistance provided by the Environmental Science Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia which also partially financed the research

Keywords:

Labu River System, Water Quality Index (WQI)

Subjects:

Q Science, Computer Science

ID Code:

1065