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Faham Ilmu Dalam Islam: Pengamatan Terhadap Tiga Takrifan Utama Ilmu

Mohd Zaidi Ismail, (2009) Faham Ilmu Dalam Islam: Pengamatan Terhadap Tiga Takrifan Utama Ilmu. AFKAR Journal of Aqidah and Islamic Thought (10). pp. 39-60. ISSN 1511-8819

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Official URL: http://apium.um.edu.my/

Affiliations

Institut Kefahama Islam Malaysia

Abstract

Meskipun terdapat pelbagai takrifan terhadap ilmu yang pernah dikemukakan oleh para ilmuwan Islam silam, namun, apabila satu-satu takrif itu digunakan pada ketika yang wajar lagi sesuai, ia pasti dapat menjelaskan ciri dan segi ilmu yang tidak diliputi oleh takrif-takrif yang lainnya. Dalam makalah ini, tumpuan diberikan kepada tiga bentuk takrifan yang setiap satunya berperanan menyerlahkan beberapa sifat dan watak ilmu yang utama dan penting. Takrif yang pertama menegaskan bahawa ilmu itu suatu sifat insani yang menerangi; takrif yang kedua pula merumuskan ilmu sebagai pegangan atau kesimpulan yang benar, yakin, dan berasaskan bukti yang munasabah; manakala takrif yang ketiga, sebagaimana yang dirumuskan kembali oleh S. M. N. al-Attas, menjelaskan ilmu sebagai ketibaan ma`na sesuatu pada diri, sekaligus keberhasilan diri menyerapinya.

Although past Muslim scholars had offered many definitions and descriptions of knowledge, if each description is used on the right occasion, it may then shed light on some aspects and characteristics of knowledge which are not properly dealt with by the other descriptions. This article focuses on three such descriptions, each functioning to make manifest certain important and principal features and attributes of knowledge. The first description emphasizes that knowledge is an attribute of man that enlightens; the second description summarizes it as a belief or conviction that is true, certain and based on right proofs; while the third description, as reformulated by S. M. N. al-Attas, explains knowledge as the arrival in the soul of the meaning of a thing as well as the arrival of the soul at the meaning of a thing.

Item Type:Journal
Additional Information:AFKAR Journal of Aqidah and Islamic Thought is an international peer reviewed journal published annually by the Department of `Aqidah and Islamic Thought, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. It publishes articles and research papers on `aqidah and Islamic thought, particularly Kalam, philosophy, Tasawwuf, comparative religions, logic and Islamic thought in the Malay World in Malay, English and Arabic. It is indexed in the Index Islamicus. For submission the manuscript and subscription: Ketua Sidang Pengarang Jurnal AFKAR, Jabatan Akidah dan Pemikiran Islam, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (U.P: Wan Suhaimi Wan Abdullah) Tel.: 603-79676014 / 79676097. Faks.: 603-79676142. E-mail: (afkar@um.edu.my). ADVISORY BOARD: Osman Bakar; Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud; Mohd Kamal Hassan; Hasan Mahmud `Abd al-Latiff al-Shafe’i; Ahmad Muhammad al-Tayyib; Seyyed Hossein Nasr; Hamed Taher; Alparslan Açikgenç; Bannacer el Bouazzati; Mehdi Mohaghegh; Roshdi Rashed. EDITORIAL BOARD: Mohd Fauzi Hamat; Mohd Kamil Hj. Ab. Majid; Mohd Fakhruddin Abdul Mukti; Che Zarrina Sa’ari; Khadijah Mohd Hambali @ Khambali; Wan Suhaimi Wan Abdullah. BOARD OF CO-EDITORS: Zakaria Stapa; Idris Zakaria; Mohd Nasir Omar; Baharuddin Ahmad; Muhammad Zainiy Uthman; Yasien Mohamed; Ibrahim Abu Bakar; Adi Setia Muhammad Dom; Edward R. Moad; Mohd Zaidi Ismail; Mohd Sani Badron; Muhammad Rifa`i Muhammad Amin; Abdel Hakeem Yusef al-Khaleifi; S. S. Scatolini Apóstolo Abdulsalam.
Keywords:knowledge, definition, human attribute, human self or soul, al-nafs, the quality or property of light, clarity, the known, belief, truth, certainty, yaqin, zann, shakk, “blind” following, taqlid, dalil, proof, meaning, ma`na, al-Attas, husul, wusul, information
Subjects:B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion, Islam
ID Code:10827

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