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Distribution and Health Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)in Smoke Aerosols from Burning of Selected Garden Wastes

Tay, Joo Hui , and Tan, Hock Seng, and Mhd Radzi Abas, and Norhayati Mohd Tahir, (2008) Distribution and Health Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)in Smoke Aerosols from Burning of Selected Garden Wastes. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 12 (2). pp. 357-366. ISSN 13942506

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Official URL: http://pkukmweb.ukm.my/~mjas/v12_n2/Tay%20Joo%20Hui.pdf

Affiliations

Universiti Terengganu Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology. Dept. of Chemical Sciences, Environmental Research Group (ERG)
Universiti Terengganu Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology. Dept. of Chemical Sciences, Environmental Research Group (ERG)
University of Malaya, Faculty of Science. Dept. of Chemistry
Universiti Terengganu Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology. Dept. of Chemical Sciences, Environmental Research Group (ERG)

Abstract

A study has been carried out to characterize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emitted from the burning of five types of typical garden wastes viz, Bachang, Mango, Jackfruit, Jambu Air litter fall and a type of Grass. The samples were burned to the ember and respective smoke aerosols emitted during the burning period were sampled using high volume filtration on a pre-cleaned glass fibre filters. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were extracted using dichloromethane-methanol (3:1) as solvent and the extracts fractionated on silica-alumina column. Detection and quantification of PAHs compounds were carried out using GC-MS. Results indicated that burning resulted in the formation of significant amount of PAHs compounds in all samples; total PAHs compounds emitted were in the range of 0.41 to 42.2 μg/m3. The major PAHs compound exhibited in all smoke samples were three to four rings PAHs (e.g. fluoranthene and pyrene) with lesser amount of five to six rings (e.g. benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(g,h,i) perylene) and two rings PAHs (e.g. acenaphthylene). The BaP equivalency results showed that the potential health risk from these garden wastes smoke were very significant; total BaP equivalency values were in the range of 5.60 E+04 pg/m3 – 4.98 E+06 pg/m3 with Jambu Air smoke exhibited the highest
potential health risk.

Satu kajian telah dijalankan bagi mencirikan sebatian polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon yang dibebaskan daripada
pembakaran lima jenis sisa laman iaitu daun Bachang, Mempelam, Nangka dan Jambu Air yang luruh dan sejenis Rumput. Sampel-sampel ini telah dibakar sehingga membara dan zarah asap yang terhasil ketika proses pembakaran disampel menggunakan alat pensampelan berisipadu tinggi yang dimuat dengan penapis gentian kaca. Polisiklik aromatik
hidrokarbon (PAHs) diekstrak menggunakan campuran diklorometana-methanol (3:1) sebagai pelarut dan hasil ekstrak yang diperolehi dipisahkan dengan menggunakan turus silika-alumina. Penentuan dan kuantifikasi unsur PAHs dijalankan dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Keputusan menunjukkan pembakaran menghasilkan kuantiti PAHs yang banyak dalam
semua sampel; jumlah keseluruhan unsur PAHs yang dibebaskan adalah dalam julat 0.41 to 42.2 μg/m3. Majoriti unsur
PAHs yang hadir dalam semua zarah asap sampel adalah PAHs bergelang tiga ke empat (e.g. fluorantina dan pirina) diikuti dengan jumlah yang sedikit bagi lima ke enam gelang (e.g. benzo(a)pirina dan benzo(g,h,i) perilina) dan dua ke tiga gelang (e.g. acenaphthylina). Keputusan kesetaraan BaP menunjukkan kemungkinan potensi risiko ke atas kesihatan daripada zarah asap sisa laman adalah amat ketara; nilai keseluruhan kesetaraan BaP adalah dalam julat 5.60 E+04 pg/m3 – 4.98 E+06 pg/m3 dengan zarah asap Jambu Air menunjukkan potensi risiko ke atas kesihatan yang paling tinggi.

Item Type:Journal
Additional Information:Financial supports from the Department of Chemical Sciences, KUSTEM through a grant for final year project student (TJH) and FRGS fund (Vote No: 59065) is kindly acknowledged. The use of GC-MS from Institute of Oceanography is also acknowledged.
Keywords:Smoke aerosols, biomass burning, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, environmental health risks, toxic equivalency factors.
Subjects:Q Science, Computer Science
ID Code:4060

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