Neuroimaging Features of Tuberculous Meningitis

Sobri M., and Merican, J.S., and Nordiyana M., and Valalarmathi, S., and Al-Edrus, S.A., (2006) Neuroimaging Features of Tuberculous Meningitis. Medical Journal of Malaysia, 61 (1). pp. 36-40. ISSN 0300-5283

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Affiliations

Universiti Putra Malaysia. Dept. of Radiology.
Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Dept. of Neurology.
Universiti Putra Malaysia. Dept. of Radiology.
Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Dept. of Radiology.
Universiti Putra Malaysia. Dept. of Radiology.

Abstract

Tuberculous meningitis leads to a high mortality rate. However, it respond well to chemotherapy if the treatment is started early. Neuroimaging is one of the most important initial investigations. There were 42 patients diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis in Kuala Lumpur Hospital based on clinical criteria, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and response to anti-tuberculous treatment over a 7-year period. Relevant information was obtained from patients' medical case notes and neuroimaging findings were evaluated. Male to female ratio was 3:1. The three major ethnics and the immigrant groups in Malaysia were represented in this study. The majority of the cases involved the Malays followed by immigrants, Chinese and Indians. The patients' age ranged from 18 to 62 years old with the mean age of 34.4 years. There were 95.2% (n=40) of patients who presented with various neuroimaging abnormalities and only 2 (4.8%) patients had normal neuroimaging findings. Hydrocephalus and meningeal enhancement were the two commonest neuroimaging features. Other features include infarction, enhancing lesion, tuberculoma, abcess, oedema and calcification. Contrasted CT scan is an adequate neuroimaging tool to unmask abnormal findings in tuberculous meningitis.

Item Type:

Journal

Keywords:

Tuberculous Meningitis, Neuroimaging

Subjects:

R Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing

ID Code:

4386