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Semi Fragile Watermark With Self Authentication And Self Recovery

Woo, Chaw Seng, and Jiang, Du , and Binh, Pham, (2009) Semi Fragile Watermark With Self Authentication And Self Recovery. Malaysian Journal of Computer Science, 22 (1). pp. 64-84. ISSN 0127-9084

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Official URL: http://ejum.fsktm.um.edu.my/ArticleInformation.aspx?ArticleID=744

Affiliations

University of Malaya. Faculty of Computrt Science & Information Technology
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

Abstract

Robust watermarks are suitable for copyright protection in a DRM scenario. On the other hand, fragile watermarks are good for tamper detection applications. Semi fragile watermarks possess some properties of both robust and fragile watermarks at a moderate level. The need for semi fragile watermarks arises from the requirements of content authentication where the watermark must highlight malicious attacks while tolerating legitimate changes that do not alter the content severely. Very few watermarking scheme has both self authentication and self recovery features. We developed and evaluated a semi fragile watermarking scheme that offers these features. The scheme embeds a downscaled version of an image into the image’s discrete wavelet transform subbands. Our scheme provides content authentication by allowing high quality JPEG compression, minor local distortion, and minimal noise insertion. Other changes such as histogram equalisation, cropping, rotation, and mean filtering are classified as malicious attacks because it affects the visual quality of the image. The scheme is practical because it does not require a reference image during content authentication. Tampered regions can be located correctly, and its original content can be recovered. The watermark information is secured by a secret key that randomises the watermark pixel positions. The single transform, correlator detector, and down-scaled processing spaces of the scheme offer low computational cost.

Item Type:Journal
Keywords:Semi fragile watermark, self authentication, self recovery
Subjects:Q Science, Computer Science
ID Code:7699

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[3] Rey, C. and J.L.Dugelay, “A Survey of Watermarking Algorithms for Image Authentication”. EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, 2002. 2002(6):p.613-621.

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[5] Rey, C. and J.L.Dugelay, “Blind Detection of Malicious Alteration on Still Images using Robust Watermarks,” in IEE Seminar on Secure Images and Image Authentication, (Ref.No. 2000/309), 2000, London, UK, pp.7/1-7/6.

[6] Kundur, D. and D. Hatzinakos, “Digital Watermarking using Multiresolution Wavelet Decomposition,” in International Conference on Acoustic, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASP) 1998, Seattle, Washington, USA, IEEE, pp.2969-2972.

[7] Pereira, S., S. Voloshynovskiy, and T.Pun, “Optimized Wavelet Domain Watermark Embedding Strategy using Linear Programming,” in SPIE AeroSense 2000, 2000, Orlando, Florida, USA, SPIE.

[8] Chen, B. and G.W.Wornell, “Quantization Index Modulation: a Class of Provably Good Methods for Digital Watermarking and Information Embedding”, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2001, 47(4), p.1423-1443.

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