1537 17 archive 87 disk0/00/00/15/37 2008-01-17 01:55:29 2008-01-17 01:55:29 2008-01-17 01:55:29 article show Kannan T.P. Quah B.B. Azlina A. Samsudin A.R. Universiti Sains Malaysia. School of Dental Sciences Klinik Pergigian, Sungai Bakap pub Q R public hydroxyapatite, mitotic index, chromosome aberration Dentistry has searched for an ideal material to place in osseous defects for many years. Endogenous bone replacement has been the golden standard but involves additional surgery and may be available in limited quantities. Also, the exogenous bone replacement poses a risk of viral or bacterial transmission and the human body may even reject them. Therefore, before new biomaterials are approved for medical use, mutagenesis systems to exclude cytotoxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic properties are applied worldwide. The present preliminary study was carried out in five male New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Porous form of synthetic hydroxyapatite granules (500 mg), manufactured by School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, was implanted in the femur of the rabbits. Blood samples were collected prior to implantation and one week after implantation. The blood was cultured in vitro and the cell division was arrested at metaphase using colcemid. This was followed by the hypotonic treatment and fixation. Then, the chromosomes were prepared and stained for analysis. The modal chromosome number of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was found to be 2n=44. The mean mitotic index values prior to and after implantation were 3.30 ± 0.66 and 3.24 ± 0.27 per cent respectively. No gross chromosome aberrations, both numerical and structural were noticed either prior to or after implantation of the biomaterial. These findings indicate that the test substance, synthetic hydroxyapatite granules does not produce gross chromosome aberrations under the present test conditions in rabbits. 2006 published Archives of Orofacial Sciences 1 School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia 15-20 TRUE 1823-8602 http://www.kck.usm.my/ppsg/official-journal.htm Bauer TW, Geesink RCT, Zimmerman R and McMahon JT (1991). Hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems. Histological analysis of components retrieved at autopsy. J Bone Joint Surg, 73A: 1439–1452. Braye F, Irigaray JL, Jallot E, Oudadesse H, Weber G, Deschamps N, Deschamps C, Frayssinet P, Tourenne P, Tixier H, Terver S, Lefaivre J and Amirabadi A (1996). Resorption kinetics of osseous substitute; natural coral and synthetic hydroxyapatite. Biomaterials, 17: 1345-1350. Chan FPH, Sergovich FR and Shaver EL (1977). Banding patterns in mitotic chromosomes of the rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus). Can J Genet Cytol, 19: 625-632. Constantino PD, Friedman CD and Lane A (1993). Synthetic biomaterials in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. Facial Plastic Surgery, 9: 1-15. Flatley TJ (1983). Tissue response to implants of calcium phosphate ceramic in the rabbit spine. Clin Orthop, 179: 246–252. Halnan CRE (1977). An improved technique for the preparation of of chromosomes from cattle whole blood. Res Vet Sci, 22: 40-43. Health Effects Test Guidelines – OPPTS 870.5375.(1998). In Vitro Chromosome Aberration Test – United States Environmental Protection Agency.1-11. Glavas IP (2005). Filling Agents. Ophthalmol Clin of N Am, 18: 249-257. Ishidate M, Miura KF and Sofuni T (1998). Chromosome aberration assays in genetic toxicology testing in vitro. Mutation Research, 404: 167-172. Katzer A, Marquardt H, Westendorf J, Wening JV and Von Foerster G (2002). Polyetheretherketonecytotoxicity and mutagenicity in vitro. Biomaterials, 23: 1749-1759. Painter TS (1926). Studies in mammalian spermatogenesis. VI. The chromosomes of the rabbit. J Morph Physiol, 43: 1–43. Rodriguez-Lorenzo LM and Vallet-Regi M (2000). Controlled Crystallization of Calcium Phosphate Apatites. Chem Mater, 12: 2460–2465. Sartorius DJ (1986). Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes. Preliminary report of radiographic evaluation. Radiology, 159: 133– 37. SchrÖder J and Van Der Loo W (1979). Comparison of karyotypes in three species of rabbit: Oryctolagus cuniculus, Sylvilagus nuttallii, and S. idahoensis. Hereditas, 91: 27-30. SchrÖder J, Suomalainen H, Van Der Loo W and. SchrÖder E (1978). Karyotypes in lymphocytes of two strains of rabbit and two species of hare. Hereditas, 88: 183–188. Stranzinger GF, Miller RC and Fechheimer NS (1974). An improved and simple leucoctye culture technique for chromosomal preparation in rabbits. Cytologia, 39: 161-164. Williams TW and Ray M (1965). A method for culturing leucocytes of rats and rabbits. Cytogenetics, 4: 365-368. Wojciech S and Masahiro Y (1998). Processing and properties of hydroxyapatite-based materials for use as hard tissue replacement implants. J Mater Res, 13: 94-103. 119 3 1537 1 application/pdf Archives of Orofacial Sciences,Vol.1 pg. 15-20 en public

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