creators_name: Ahmad Saat,  
creators_name: Zain Hamzah,  
creators_name: Zaharidah Abu Bakar,  
creators_id: ahmad183@salam.uitm.edu.my
creators_id: drzainihamzah@yahoo.com
creators_id: 
type: conference_item
datestamp: 2008-07-03 16:35:10
lastmod: 2008-10-06 01:47:05
metadata_visibility: show
corp_creators: Universiti Teknologi MARA. Institute of Science
corp_creators: Universiti Teknologi MARA. Faculty of Applied Sciences
corp_creators: Universiti Teknologi MARA. Faculty of Applied Sciences
title: XRF Determination Of Major Elemental Contents Of Clay Samples From North-West Peninsular Malaysia
ispublished: submitted
subjects: Q
full_text_status: public
pres_type: paper
keywords: Clay, XRF, elemental contents
abstract: Clay has been considered as important material for man, either used as building materials, pottery or as components in material industry and technology. In the present study ten clay samples obtained from various locations in North-West Peninsular Malaysia were used. Majority of the clays were economically manufactured to be used as building materials or pottery. The objective of study was to determine the main elemental contents of the samples, and relate the results to the types of minerals, as well as to compare them with clays from other studies. In the study X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) coupled to samples dilution method and standard calibration samples was used. The elements detected in the study were Si, Al, Fe, Ti, K and Ca. Depending on locations, the percentage concentration ranged between 24.8 – 32.4 for Si, 10.8 – 19.0 for Al, 0.09 – 2.12 for Fe, 0.08 – 1.13 for Ti, 0.45 – 3.39 for K and trace amount of Ca and P. However, Mg that normally found in typical clay was not found in the studied samples. Comparing the oxide of the major elements with other studies, it was found that the clay samples contained mixtures of kaolinite (two-layered structure) and illite (three-layered structure) in which K is found in its interlayer space of the structure. 
date: 2008
date_type: submitted
event_title: International Conference on X-ray in Research and Industry (ICXRI) 2008
event_location: Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
event_dates: 2 – 6 June 2008
event_type: conference
refereed: FALSE
referencetext: Ahmad Saat & Zaini Hamzah, (2006) X-ray Diffraction Study of Clay from North-West Peninsular Malaysia, presented at the International Conference on X-ray Application in Research and Industries (ICXRI 2006), 6 – 8 August 2006, Putrajaya, Malaysia. Beaudoin, 2003 

Dondi, M., Guarini, G., Ligas, P., Palomba, M., Raimondo, M. (2001) Chemical, Mineralogical and Ceramic Properties of Kaolinite materials from Tresnuraghes Mining District (Western Sardinia, Italy), Applied Clay Science, 18,145–155

Garcia-Heras, M., Fernandez-Ruiz, R., Tornero, J.D. (1997) Analysis of Archeological Ceramics by TXRF nd Cotrasted with NAA, Journal of Archeological Science, 24, 1003–1014. 

Kok Kai Chern, (2000) Physical, geochemistry and mineralogical studies on the strength development of lime stability cohesive soils; MSc Thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Unpublished. 

Liew, K.Y., Khoo, L.E., Bong, K.T., (1985) Characterization of Bidor kaolinite and illite; Pertanika, Vol. 8. No. 3, 323-330. 

Mohd Noordin Hj Wan Daud (1977) Clay mineralogy of soils under rubber in Peninsular Malaysia Part I – Identification and Distribution; Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia Journal, Vol. 1, No. 1, 19-32.

Mermut, A.R. and Cano, A.F. (2001), Baseline Studies of the Clay Minerals Soceity Source Clay: Chemical Analysis of Major Elements, Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol 49,No.5,381-386.

Newman, A.C.D. (1987), Chemistry of Clays and Clays Minerals, Mineralogical Siceity Monograph, 6, Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow, Essex, England, 480 p. 
Weaver, C.E. and Pollard, L.D. (1975), The Chemistry of Clay Minerals; Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 213 p.
citation: Ahmad Saat, and Zain Hamzah, and Zaharidah Abu Bakar, (2008) XRF Determination Of Major Elemental Contents Of Clay Samples From North-West Peninsular Malaysia. In: International Conference on X-ray in Research and Industry (ICXRI) 2008, 2 – 6 June 2008, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia. (Submitted)
document_url: http://myais.fsktm.um.edu.my/2262/1/ICXRI08SabahAhmad.pdf