2269 16 archive 298 disk0/00/00/22/69 2008-07-03 03:38:39 2008-10-06 01:40:17 2008-07-03 03:38:39 conference_item show ahmad183@salam.uitm.edu.my Noor Wahida Mahasim Ahmad Saat ahmad183@salam.uitm.edu.my Zaini Hamzah drzainihamzah@yahoo.com Rita Rohaizah Sohari Khaniza Hasliza Abdil Khali Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA. INTEC Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA. INTEC Universiti Teknologi MARA, INTEC unpub Q public paper Well-water, Water quality index, phosphate, nitrate, content analysis The authors wish to thanks IRDC of UiTM for providing the research grant for the study (Grant No.: 600-IRDC/ST 5/3/938). In the north-eastern district of state of Kelantan almost 40% of the populations are still relying on well water for their domestic uses and consumption. Generally, the wells are located within the vicinity of agricultural activities, such as tobacco, paddy, rubber plantation and orchards. There is possibility that the activities, especially related to application of chemical fertilizers, may pollute the well either through runoff or underground transportation. A study was carried out on fifteen wells in the district of Bachok, Pasir Puteh and Machang to determine the well water quality as well as the nitrate and phosphate contents of the water samples. The sampling was done twice, one in early October 2004 (representing dry season sampling), and the end of January 2005 (representing rainy season sampling). Data for turbidity, temperature, DO, and pH were determined in-situ, while the nitrate and phosphate contents, BOD and COD were determined in laboratory. Water Quality Index (WQI) of the samples was determined based on the method suggested by the Interim Water Quality Standard (INWQS) for Malaysia. The study found that nitrate contents ranged between 0.01 to 2.42 mg/L in rainy season and between non detectable to 0.3 mg/L in dry season. The corresponding phosphate contents for rainy and dry seasons are ranging between 0 – 2.2 mg/L and 0.5 – 1.5 mg/L respectively. In general, WQI of all the wells studied fall into class III or IV. However, WQI values of all the wells improved (increased) in wet season as compared to dry season. Based on the INWQS, these classes of water required extensive treatment before being regarded as suitable for public water supply. 2005 submitted Simposium Sains Analisis Malaysia ke-18 (SKAM18) Johor Bharu, Malaysia 12-14 September 2005 conference FALSE 1. Pillay, M.S., Talha, M.Z., 2003; Drinking Water Quality Issues; Water and Drainage Conference, K.L. 2. Karr, J., Mannusen, J., McKnight, D., Naiman, R., Stanford, J., 1995; Freshwater Ecosystems and Their Management: A National Initiative; Science, Vol. 270, 27. 3. Barber, L., Beneke, A., Breedlove, B., 2002; Nitrate and Phosphates Levels in Pfeffer Park Stream; Natural System I, Fall 2002, Miami University. 4. Hooda, P.S., Edwards, A.C., Anderson, H.A., Miller, A., 2000; A Review of Water Quality Concerns in Livestock Farming Areas; The Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 250, Issues 1 – 3, 143 – 167. 5. Gymer, R.G., 1977; Chemistry in the Natural World; D.C. Heat & Company, USA; 571p. 6. Rosen, C.J., White, D.B., 1999; Preventing Pollution Problems from Lawn and Garden Fertilizers; Note FO-2923-GO, College of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA. 7. NECi, 2000; Nitrate: Health Risks to Consumers; The Nitrate Elimination Co., Inc, USA, 3p. 8. Thornburn, P.J., Biggs, J.S., Weier, K.L., Keating, B.A., 2003; Nitrate in Ground waters of intensively agricultural areas in coastal Northeastern Australia; Agriculture, Ecosystem & Rnvironment, Vol.94, Issue 1, 49 –58. 9. Mohd. Talib Hj Latiff, Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Jasni Yaakob, Ruzaidah Yusof, 2004; Cirian Fiziko-kimia air perigi di kawasan Selandar, Melaka; Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 1; 87 – 92. 10. Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS), 1991; Environment quality report, 1990; Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar, Kuala Lumpur. 296 3 2269 1 application/pdf Conference paper en public

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