title: Metabolic Enzyme Considerations In Cancer Therapy.
creator: Jain, Amit E.
creator: Jain, Sweta
creator: Rana, A.C.
subject: R Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing
description: The clinical application of new antineoplastic drugs has been limited because of low therapeutic index and lack of efficacy in humans. Thus, improvement in efficacy of old and new anticancer drugs has been attempted by manipulating their pharmacokinetic properties. Four inter-related factors, which determine the pharmacokinetic behavior of a drug include absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. The drug-metabolizing enzymes have been classified in two major groups: phase I and phase II enzymes. Phase I enzymes comprise the oxidases,
dehydrogenases, deaminases, hydrolases. Phase II enzymes include primarily UDPglucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), glutathionetransferases (GSTs), sulfotransferases (SULTs), N-acetyl transferases (NATs), methyltransferases and aminoacid transferases that conjugate products of phase I reactions and parent compounds with appropriate functional groups to generate more water soluble compounds which are more readily eliminated. The importance of these enzymes in the metabolism of specific drugs varies according to the chemical nature of the drug, Drug metabolism is modulated by factors that change among species and even
among individuals in a population. Such factors can be environmental or genetic in origin, and influence how a drug is metabolized and to what extent. An awareness
of these variables is invaluable when the safety and efficacy of new anticancer drugs are evaluated.
publisher: School of Medical Sciences, Kubang Kerian, Universiti Sains Malaysia
date: 2007-01
type: Journal
type: PeerReviewed
relation: http://www.medic.usm.my/publication/mjms/
identifier: Jain, Amit E. and Jain, Sweta and Rana, A.C. (2007) Metabolic Enzyme Considerations In Cancer Therapy. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 14 (1). pp. 10-17. ISSN 1394195X
relation: http://myais.fsktm.um.edu.my/637/